Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 2 de 2
Filter
Add filters








Year range
1.
Psychol. neurosci. (Impr.) ; 3(1): 53-57, Jan.-June 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604501

ABSTRACT

Studies in humans suggest that exposure to stress is related to relapse to tobacco use. The reinstatement of conditioned place preference (CPP) provides a simple, noninvasive and easy approach to investigate the mechanisms for drug relapse. The present study investigated whether repeated exposure to stress could change the extinction and reinstatement of nicotine-induced CPP. Adult male Wistar were exposed to restraint-stress for 2 hours/daily for 7 days, while the control-group was left undisturbed during this period. One day after the last stress session the CPP protocol was carried out. Nicotine produced a place preference to the compartment paired with its injections during conditioning (.16 mg/kg, s.c.; four drug sessions). Once established, nicotine place preference was extinguished by alternate exposure to each compartment after a saline injection (four exposures to each compartment). The animals that did not show extinction of CPP were submitted to two other extinction sessions. Following this extinction phase, the reinstatement of place conditioning was investigated following a priming injection of nicotine. Both control and stress groups showed reinstatement of CPP. The percentage of rats from the stress group that extinguished nicotine-CPP in the first and second test was lower as compared to the control group. In conclusion, stress delayed the extinction of the nicotine-induced CPP, but did not modify the reinstatement.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Conditioning, Classical , Nicotine/adverse effects , Recurrence
2.
Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (Impr.) ; 32(5): 251-258, set.-out. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-421471

ABSTRACT

A maioria dos estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos aponta a nicotina como o principal agente responsável pelo desenvolvimento da dependência ao tabaco. Muitos trabalhos têm demonstrado que as bases neurais da dependência à nicotina são semelhantes àquelas das outras drogas de abuso. A nicotina induz preferência condicionada por lugar e auto-administracão e, portanto, atua como reforcador positivo, esse efeito parece ser mediado pelo sistema dopaminérgico mesolímbico. A nicotina também induz à sensibilizacão comportamental que é provavelmente resultante de alteracões da expressão gênica do núcleo acumbens induzidas pela exposicão prolongada a essa substância. A suspensão do uso de nicotina resulta em síndrome de abstinência. As evidências indicam que esses sinais e sintomas sejam mediados por receptores colinérgicos nicotínicos centrais e periféricos. Outros neurotransmissores, como por exemplo a serotonina e os peptídeos opióides, também podem estar envolvidos na mediacão da dependência e síndrome de abstinência à nicotina. A revisão da literatura mostra a complexidade dos efeitos da nicotina no organismo. A integracão entre as abordagens comportamental, neuroquímica e molecular possibilitará a compreensão dos mecanismos neurais da dependência ao tabaco e fornecerá as bases para o desenvolvimento racional de agentes terapêuticos que possam ser utilizados para o tratamento da dependência e síndrome de abstinência ao tabaco.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Neurophysiology , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/physiopathology , Tobacco Use Disorder/physiopathology , Tobacco Use Disorder/physiopathology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL